Resources & Insights

Leon M Chang

2 articles

Blog
The Rise of Collaborative Tactics Among China-aligned Cyber Espionage Campaigns

Trend™ Research examines the complex collaborative relationship between China-aligned APT groups via the new “Premier Pass-as-a-Service” model, exemplified by the recent activities of Earth Estries and Earth Naga.

October 22nd, 2025 16 min

Daniel Lunghi, Leon M Chang

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Blog
Game of Emperor: Unveiling Long Term Earth Estries Cyber Intrusions

Since 2023, APT group Earth Estries has aggressively targeted key industries globally with sophisticated techniques and new backdoors, like GHOSTSPIDER and MASOL RAT, for prolonged espionage operations.

November 25th, 2024 17 min

Leon M Chang, Theo Chen, Lenart Bermejo, Ted Lee

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